اثر 8 هفته تمرینات تای چی بر تعادل و دامنه حرکتی مچ پا زنان سالم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، گروه تربیت بدنی عمومی، دانشگاه پیام نور گرمسار، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه تربیت بدنی و علوم ورزشی، دانشگاه صنعتی سیرجان، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه مدیریت ورزشی، دانشگاه پیام نور ساوه، ساوه، ایران

چکیده

مقدمه و اهداف
کاهش تعادل و دامنه حرکتی مفاصل از علل اصلی سقوط سالمندان است که با عواقب و عوارض جسمانی همراه است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر، بررسی تاثیر 8 هفته تمرینات تای­چی بر تعادل و دامنه حرکتی مچ پا در زنان سالمند می­باشد.
مواد و روش­ ها
تعداد 30 زن سالمند در محدوده سنی 65-55 سال از بین سالمندان داوطلب شهر بم به صورت هدفمند انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی به دو گروه تجربی (15 نفر، سن 2/2±4/57 سال، وزن 1/8±4/74 کیلوگرم، قد 6/4±3/154 سانتی­متر) و کنترل (15 نفر، سن 2/3±4/59 سال، وزن  3/10±4/72 کیلوگرم، قد 8/5±2/156 سانتی­متر) تقسیم شدند. گروه تجربی 8 هفته تمرینات تای­چی را هر هفته 3 جلسه انجام دادند، در حالی که گروه کنترل هیچ­گونه فعالیت منظم ورزشی نداشتند. دامنه حرکتی مفصل مچ پا با استفاده از گونیامتر و تعادل بر مبنای مقیاس برگ در دو مرحله قبل و بعد از اجرای تمرینات در دو گروه اندازه­گیری شد. از تحلیل کوواریانس چندمتغیره برای مقایسه میانگین گروه ها در سطح معناداری 05/0 استفاده شد.
یافته­ ها
نتایج پژوهش حاضر نشان داد بین میانگین نمرات تعادل (گروه تجربی1±5/49، گروه کنترل 1±3/47) و دامنه حرکتی پلانتار فلکشن راست (گروه تجربی 1±1/41، گروه کنترل 1±1/40)، دورسی فلکشن چپ (گروه تجربی 1±5/15، گروه کنترل 2±9/17)، اینورژن و اورژن راست و چپ (به ترتیب گروه تجربی 2±7/39، 1±3/15، گروه کنترل 1±6/36، 1±5/11) آزمودنی­ها برحسب عضویت گروهی تفاوت معناداری وجود دارد (05/0P<).
نتیجه­ گیری
تمرینات تای­چی می­توانند تعادل و دامنه حرکتی مچ پا را در زنان سالمند بهبود بخشند؛ بنابراین توصیه می­شود از این تمرینات جهت ارتقاء عملکرد حرکتی سالمندان استفاده شود تا از این طریق احتمال خطر سقوط و عوارض متعاقب آن را در سالمندان کاهش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Eight Weeks of Tai Chi Training on Balance and Ankle Range of Motion in Elderly Women

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mojdeh Laghai 1
  • Nadjmeh Afhami 2
  • Mahdi Goudarzi 3
1 MSc in Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Department of Sport Sciences, Payame Noor University of Garmsar, Iran
2 Assistant Professor of Sport Injuries and Corrective Exercises, Department of Sport Sciences, Sirjan University of Technology, Sirjan, Iran
3 Assistant Professor of Sports Management, Department of Sport Sciences, Payame Noor University of Saveh, Iran
چکیده [English]

Background and Aims: The reduction of balance and motion range in elderly people are the main causes of their falling and its consequences like physical injuries. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of eight weeks of Tai Chi training on balance and ankle range of motion in elderly women.
Materials and Methods: A total of 30 elderly women aged 55-65 years were selected using purposive sampling of female volunteers in Bam. Participants were randomly divided into experimental (n=15, age: 57.4 ± 2.8 (y), weight: 74.4 ± 8.1(kg), height: 154.2 ± 4.6 (cm)) and control (n=15, age: 59.2 ± 3.2 (y), weight: 72.4 ± 10.3 (kg), height: 156.2 ± 5.8 (cm)) groups. The study involved a training program for eight weeks, three times per week in experimental group, while the control group did not participate in any organized regular physical exercise. The ankle range of motion was measured using goniometer and balance was measured using Berg Balance test before and after training protocol in two groups. Data were analyzed running Multivariate covariance and alpha level was set at 0.05.
Results: The results of the study showed that there is a significant difference between the mean scores of balance and plantar flexion range of motion for the right foot, dorsi flexion range of motion for the left foot, and inversion and eversion ranges of motion for the left and right feet of the participants according to group membership (P<0.05)
Conclusion:Tai Chi training can improve the balance and ankle range of motion in elderly women. These findings can help design training programs for older adults. Tai chi training is also effective for improving function and reducing the potential risk of falling and its complications in elder women.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Tai chi
  • Balance
  • Range of motion
  • Elderly

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دوماهنامه علمی - پژوهشی طب توانبخشی
دوره 8، شماره 3
مهر 1398
صفحه 19-28

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سابقه مقاله

  • تاریخ دریافت: 21 آبان 1397
  • تاریخ بازنگری: 20 دی 1397
  • تاریخ پذیرش: 06 بهمن 1397
  • تاریخ اولین انتشار: 01 مهر 1398

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